TIVS: Interpretation, Violation, Standards (fairness/education), Voters.
- We Meet; Counter-Interp; Reasonability; Reject argument not debater; Turn standards.
- Have one clean 20–30s shell and 2–3 prewritten answers.
When to read theory
- Immediate, round-skewing abuse (e.g., multiple conditional advocacies with flips).
- Hidden info (no disclosure on circuit) or time-skew tactics (“new in 2NR”).
Mini example shell (Disclosure Good)
Interp: Debaters must disclose full case on caselist. Violation: They didn’t disclose. Standards: Predictability, Prep, Ground. Voters: Fairness (pre-req), Education (terminal), Drop debater to deter abuse.
Sample shells (copy/paste)
Paraphrasing Bad Interp: Evidence must be read verbatim from a cut card with full cite. Violation: They paraphrased. Standards: Verifiability, Qualification, Abuse prevention. Voters: Fairness/Education; drop debater. New in 2NR/2AR Interp: No new arguments in final rebuttals beyond extensions. Violation: They made new args. Standards: Reciprocity, Time skew. Voters: Fairness; reject debater to check late-breaking.
Answers (blocks)
We Meet: Our doc is on the caselist; their screenshot is outdated. Counter-Interp: Reasonable disclosure—post after round for novices; preserves education without punishing prep-scarce teams. Reasonability: Minor deviation isn’t abusive; vote on substance. Reject Arg Not Debater: Remedy should be drop the shell; in-round education preserved. Standards Turns: Their interp shrinks ground and discourages novice participation.