- Types: Method K-Aff, Performance K-Aff, Policy-leaning K-Aff.
- Neg answers: FW/T with TVA (topical version), skills/limits ground, SSDI, case defense.
- Aff vs FW: impact turn fairness; offense on education; counter-standards; show method solvency.
Example TVA
“A topical version that addresses your method concerns: affirm protecting fundamental rights against state violence via specific legal reforms—preserves limits/ground.”